Ключевые слова

Теории заговора, методы коррекции, COVID-19, аудитория, отношения Китая и США, влияние СМИ

Резюме

Среди растущих дискуссий об аргументационных стилях теорий заговора и соответствующих когнитивных процессах их аудитории, исследования до сих пор ограничены в плане разработки методов и стратегий, которые могли бы эффективно развенчать теории заговора и уменьшить вредное влияние конспирологического воздействия СМИ. В данном исследовании критически оценивается эффективность пяти подходов к снижению убежденности в заговоре в экспериментах (N=607), проведенных на Amazon Mechanical Turk. Наши результаты показывают, что методы, основанные на содержании, при столкновении с теориями заговора могут частично смягчить убежденность в заговоре. В частности, коррекции, ориентированные на науку и факты, смогли эффективно смягчить конспирологические убеждения, в то время как стратегии медиаграмотности и инокуляции не привели к значительным изменениям. Что еще более важно, наши результаты показывают, что оба метода, ориентированные на аудиторию, которые включают расшифровку мифа о теории заговора и переосмысление межгрупповых отношений, были эффективны в снижении когнитивного принятия теории заговора. Исходя из этих соображений, данное исследование вносит вклад в систематическое изучение различных эпистемологических средств, влияющих (или не влияющих) на конспирологические убеждения, что является актуальной задачей перед лицом очевидной инфодемической угрозы, как во время, так и после пандемии COVID-19.

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Техническая спецификация

Получила: 16-02-2021

пересмотренный: 19-03-2021

Принятый: 27-04-2021

OnlineFirst: 15-06-2021

Дата публикации: 01-10-2021

Время пересмотра статьи: 31 дней | Среднее время пересмотра вопроса 69: 30 дней

Время принятия статьи: 70 дней | Время приема Номер 69: 69 дней

Время редактирования препринта: 182 дней | Выпуск препринта среднего времени редактирования 69: 181 дней

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Guan, T., Liu, T., & Yuan, R. (2021). Facing disinformation: Five methods to counter conspiracy theories amid the Covid-19 pandemic. [Combatiendo la desinformación: Cinco métodos para contrarrestar las teorías de conspiración en la pandemia de Covid-19]. Comunicar, 69, 71-83. https://doi.org/10.3916/C69-2021-06

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