Palabras clave
Desinformación, noticias falsas, alfabetización mediática, alfabetización informacional, alfabetización digital, modelo educativo
Resumen
El problema de la desinformación es una amenaza para los sistemas democráticos. Es un fenómeno global que debe ser abordado desde múltiples perspectivas, siendo la pedagógica una de las más relevantes y, por ello, es necesario conocer qué modelos didácticos se han desarrollado para empoderar a la ciudadanía ante la desinformación. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura (2011-2020) bajo el protocolo PRISMA y se analizaron artículos de investigación (n=76) extraídos de tres bases de datos (Wos, Scopus y ERIC). El análisis fue realizado con apoyo de gestores bibliográficos y de minería de textos. Se da respuesta a ocho preguntas de investigación sobre el marco conceptual, las características documentales y la dimensión pedagógica. El análisis documental ofrece una visión del papel de las alfabetizaciones múltiples en la investigación educativa sobre el fenómeno de la desinformación, destacando la relevancia de la «alfabetización mediática» y la «informacional», así como la emergencia de la «alfabetización en noticias» y en «datos». Se evidencia la necesidad de adoptar enfoques interdisciplinares. Con relación a los resultados educativos, se identifican tres enfoques pedagógicos: estrategias competenciales, centrado en contenidos y educación para la ciudadanía. Las prácticas de enseñanza más frecuentes son la realización de talleres y el diseño de programaciones didácticas. El desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, las experiencias en co-construcción de conocimientos y los valores de la educación cívica son fundamentales contra la desinformación.
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Ficha técnica
Recibido: 27-05-2021
Revisado: 17-06-2021
Aceptado: 15-07-2021
OnlineFirst: 15-10-2021
Fecha publicación: 01-01-2022
Tiempo de revisión del artículo : 21 (en días) | Media de tiempo de revisión de los manuscritos del número 70: 35 (en días)
Tiempo de aceptación del artículo: 49 (en días) | Media tiempo aceptación de los manuscritos del número 70: 66 (en días)
Tiempo de edición OnlineFirst: 174 (en días) | Media tiempo edición de los OnlineFirst del número 70: 191 (en días)
Tiempo de publicacicón final del artículo: 219 (en días) | Media tiempo de publicación final de los articulos del número 70: 236 (en días)
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Citado por
Citas en Web of Science
Garcia-Marin, D and Salvat-Martinrey, G. Viralizing the truth: predictive factors of fact-checkers' engagement on TikTok PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION 31 (2), 2022.
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.mar.10
Citas en Scopus
García-Marín, D. . Viralizing the truth: Predictive factors of fact-checkers’ engagement on TikTok | [Viralizar la verdad. Factores predictivos del engagement en el contenido verificado en TikTok]), Profesional de la Informacion, .
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.mar.10
