Ключевые слова
Медийная грамотность, рефлексивность, критическое мышление, фальшивые новости, дезинформация, проверка фактов
Резюме
Рост цифровых средств массовой информации способствует распространению фальшивых новостей и дезинформации в более широких масштабах и большими темпами. Главная цель этой работы - рассмотреть возможности людей активно реагировать на дезинформацию и фальшивые новости. В этой связи авторы опираются на теоретические основы рефлексивности Арчера и ее режимы. Утверждается, что конкретный способ рефлексии, а именно мета- рефлексивность, может дать людям возможность критически дистанцироваться от медийных сообщений. Метод предполагает использование инструмента измерения рефлексивности (RMT) для приблизительной оценки своей рефлексивности с точки зрения количественных показателей. Обследование проводилось в Словении на основе репрезентативной национальной выборки, и анализ путей применяется для определения взаимосвязи между демографическими характеристиками, освещением в средствах массовой информации, рефлексивностью и проверкой фактов. Результаты показывают, как возраст и образование влияют на предпочтения в средствах массовой информации, с точки зрения того, как часто человек подвергается воздействию определенного типа средств массовой информации. Молодежь, женщины и лица с высшим образованием более метарефлексивны, что способствует их активной реакции на дезинформацию. Сделан вывод о том, что метарефлексивность необходима, но недостаточна для того, чтобы вызвать у человека активную реакцию на дезинформацию. Обсуждается потребность в профессиональных услугах по проверке фактов и медийном образовании.
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Техническая спецификация
Получила: 30-03-2020
пересмотренный: 21-04-2020
Принятый: 03-07-2020
OnlineFirst: 15-11-2020
Дата публикации: 01-01-2021
Время пересмотра статьи: 22 дней | Среднее время пересмотра вопроса 66: 16 дней
Время принятия статьи: 95 дней | Время приема Номер 66: 51 дней
Время редактирования препринта: 232 дней | Выпуск препринта среднего времени редактирования 66: 193 дней
Время редактирования статьи: 277 дней | Среднее время редактирования журнала 66: 238 дней
метрика
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Цитируется
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Альтернативные метрики
Как процитировать
Golob, T., Makarovič, M., & Rek, M. (2021). Meta-reflexivity for resilience against disinformation. [Meta-reflexividad para la resiliencia contra la desinformación]. Comunicar, 66, 107-118. https://doi.org/10.3916/C66-2021-09