Rafael Carrasco-Polaino, Complutense University of Madrid (Spain)
Keywords
NGO, Instagram, artivism, graphic activism, social media, pictures, engagement, childhood
Abstract
Due to the increasing importance of acquiring technological tools in communication strategies, and while taking into account that non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) use Instagram as a potential artivist tool to disseminate their initiatives and needs, the present article aims to investigate the form and content of photographs published in the social website Instagram during 2017 by the 20 most relevant NGOs at the international level. Specifically, we study the choice of formal elements, such as the design and editing, the intended purpose and feeling of the message transmitted in the photographs, as well as the type of actor or actors of the images (including their role, number, gesture, sex and age). In addition, we study the use and the engagement generated by children’s images. Content analysis, non-parametric statistical analysis with Chi-square test and variance analysis (ANOVA) are used as methodologies. The results of the study show how prototypical images used by NGOs (young children enjoying the benefits of aid with positive appearance and gestures) present content and formats that do not correspond to the type of image that generates more engagement from the target audience.
References
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Berganza, M.R., & del-Hoyo, M. (2006). La mujer y el hombre en la publicidad televisiva: imágenes y estereotipos. Zer, 21, 161-175.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Byrne, K. (2010). Social media plays growing role in aid world. https://bit.ly/2jO9Vcl
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Cooper, G. (2011). From their own correspondent?: New media and the changes in disaster coverage: Lessons to be learnt. University of Oxford, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.
Cooper, G. (2014). Text appeal? NGOs and digital media. Leadership and expertise: The Centre for Law, Justice and Journalism (CLJJ) is directed by three of city University London’s leading Academics, as well as being supported by a number of specialists the University, 35.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Delgado, M. (2013). Artivismo y pospolítica. Sobre la estetización de las luchas sociales en contextos urbanos. Quaderns de l’Institut Catala d’Antropologia, 18(2), 68-80.
Equipo de Instagram para empresas (2017). Reforzamos nuestro compromiso con la seguridad y la amabilidad para 800 millones de personas | Instagram for Business. https://bit.ly/2IdoVv3
Felshin, N. (1995). But is it art?: Spirit of art as activism. Lacey: Bay Press, U.S.
Foro Internacional de las Plataformas Nacionales de ONGs FIP (2012). ¿Quiénes Somos? Ifp-Fip FIP. February 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2Ib6bQI
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Greenwood, S., Perrin, A., & Duggan, M. (2016). Demographics of social media users in 2016. Pew Research Center. https://bit.ly/2Ix8nBC
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Laurence, C. (2017). How do I calculate my engagement rate on Instagram? https://bit.ly/2jOEkXW
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Messaris, P., & Abraham, L. (2001). The role of images in framing news stories. In S.D. Reese, O.H. Gandy, Jr., & A.E. Grant (Eds.), LEA's communication series. Framing public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 215-226). Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Millard, R. (2016). Is Instagram an art form? [blog]. https://bit.ly/2rC5ncG
Muñiz, C., Igartua, J.J., & Otero, J.A. (2006). Imágenes de la inmigración a través de la fotografía de prensa. Un análisis de contenido ‘Inmigration Images through Press Photography’. A content analysis. Comunicación y Sociedad, 19(1), 103-128.
Neuendorf, K.A. (2016). The content analysis guidebook. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Ltd.
NGO Advisor (2018). Top 20 NGOs world. [web]. February 23, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KPpjl7
ONU (1945). Carta de las Naciones Unidas. https://bit.ly/2rzaGdK
Participation (iCSO). Department of Economics and Social Affairs. [web]. https://bit.ly/2I74l3b
Santos-Perales, E. (2015). Diseño gráfico y fotografía en el activismo social. Estudio de casos. Universidad de Barcelona.
Slovic, S., & Slovic, P. (2015). Numbers and nerves: Information, emotion, and meaning in a world of data. Oregon: Oregon State Uniersity Press. https://bit.ly/2KfHAa4
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Taylor, C. (2012). Sandy really was Instagram’s moment: 1.3 million pics posted. [web]. https://bit.ly/2G9VSX8
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
UNICEF Comité Español. (2006). Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño. Madrid. https://bit.ly/2rBfYVU
United Nations. Department of Economics and Social Affairs. (2014). United Nations Civil Society
Fundref
Technical information
Received: 28-02-2018
Revised: 13-04-2018
Accepted: 03-05-2018
OnlineFirst: 15-07-2018
Publication date: 01-10-2018
Article revision time: 44 days | Average time revision issue 57: 39 days
Article acceptance time: 64 days | Average time of acceptance issue 57: 77 days
Preprint editing time: 170 days | Average editing time preprint issue 57: 178 days
Article editing time: 215 days | Average editing time issue 57: 223 days
Metrics
Metrics of this article
Views: 53557
Abstract readings: 45460
PDF downloads: 8097
Full metrics of Comunicar 57
Views: 471957
Abstract readings: 399530
PDF downloads: 72427
Cited by
Cites in Web of Science
Avila Campoverde, Fausto; Ugalde, Cecilia;. Instagram: the social network with the highest interaction to promote Ecuadorian tourist destinations INVESTIGACIONES TURISTICAS , 2020.
https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI2020.19.03
Berne-Manero, Carmen; Marzo-Navarro, Mercedes;. Exploring How Influencer and Relationship Marketing Serve Corporate Sustainability SUSTAINABILITY , 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114392
Carrasco-Polaino, Rafael. S.O.S. Protected timetable: Twitter as a citizen tool for reporting the violation of the protected schedule on television REVISTA MEDITERRANEA COMUNICACION-JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2019.10.1.15
Castellano, CM and Folch, CS. The Presence of NGOs on Instagram: A Case Study of Proactiva Open Arms TRIPODOS, 2018.
Acosta, Marina; . FEMINIST ACTIVISM ON INSTAGRAM. THE CASE OF THE NATIONAL CAMPAIGN FOR THE RIGHT TO SAFE AND FREE LEGAL ABORTION IN ARGENTINA El efecto AMLO, 2020.
Gonzalez-Carrion, Erika-Lucia; Aguaded, Ignacio;. Engagement and evolution of Spanish-speaking fashion instagrammers REVISTA LATINA DE COMUNICACION SOCIAL , 2020.
https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1456
Korenkova, Marcela; Maros, Milan; Levicky, Michal; Fila, Milan; . Consumer Perception of Modern and Traditional Forms of Advertising INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239996
Carrasco-Polaino, Rafael; Sachez-De-La-Nieta, Miguel-Angel; Trelles-Villanueva, Alicia;. 2018 Andalusian parliament elections on Instagram: political parties, professional journalism and memes REVISTA MEDITERRANEA COMUNICACION-JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION , 2020.
Wut, TM; Lau, CYL and Chan, WT. Share, Comment, and Like on Facebook and Message Strategies of Non-Governmental organizations SAGE OPEN, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221079876
Chen, Y; Sherren, K; (...); Lee, KY. Using social media images as data in social science research NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211038761
Wut, TM and Wong, SMH. SOCIAL MEDIA AND INTERNATIONAL MARKETING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW 13TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE EUROMED ACADEMY OF BUSINESS: BUSINESS THEORY AND PRACTICE ACROSS INDUSTRIES AND MARKETS, 2020.
Cites in Scopus
Berne-Manero, C., Marzo-Navarro, M. . Exploring how influencer and relationship marketing serve corporate sustainability), Sustainability (Switzerland), .
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114392
Campoverde, F.A., Ugalde, C. . Instagram: The social network with the highest interaction to promote Ecuadorian tourist destinations | [Instagram: la red social con la mayor interacción para promover los destinos turísticos ecuatorianos]), Investigaciones Turisticas, .
https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI2020.19.03
Castellano, C.M., Folch, C.S.. The presence of NGOs on instagram: A case study of proactiva open arms [La presencia de las ONG en Instagram: Estudio de caso de proactiva open arms]), Tripodos, .
Gonzalez-Carrion, E.-L., Aguaded, I. . Engagement and evolution of Spanish-speaking fashion instagrammers | [Engagement y evolución de instagramers hispanohablantes de moda]), Revista Latina de Comunicacion Social, .
https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1456
Korenkova, M., Maros, M., Levicky, M., Fila, M. . Consumer perception of modern and traditional forms of advertising), Sustainability (Switzerland), .
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239996
CARRASCO-POLAINO, R., SÁNCHEZ-DE-LA-NIETA-HERNÁNDEZ, M.-Á., TRELLES-VILLANUEVA, A. . 2018 Andalusian parliament elections on Instagram: Political parties, professional journalism and memes | [Las elecciones al parlamento andaluz de 2018 en Instagram: Partidos políticos, periodismo profesional y memes]), Revista Latina de Comunicacion Social, .
https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2020.11.1.19
Chen, Y., Sherren, K., Smit, M., Lee, K.Y. . Using social media images as data in social science research), New Media and Society, .
https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211038761
Wut, T.M., Lau, C.Y.L., Chan, W.T.. Share, Comment, and Like on Facebook and Message Strategies of Non-Governmental organizations), SAGE Open, .
Cites in Google Scholar
Carrasco-Polaino, R. (2018). SOS Horario protegido: Twitter como herramienta ciudadana de denuncia de la vulneración del horario protegido en televisión.
http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/84508
Alvarado-López, M. C., & Justo-von-Lurzer, C. (2019). Prostitución y medios de comunicación: de la controversia a la innovación social.
http://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/85249/14/ReMedCom_10_01_26_eng.pdf
TRELLES-VILLANUEVA, A. Dr. Rafael CARRASCO-POLAINO.
Quiroz Gallegos, E., & Tagle Smith, C. E. Marketing de redes sociales: la relación entre el contenido generado por la marca, el engagement y las ventas.
http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/20.500.12404/15732
Linares, J. J. G., Márquez, M. D. M. S., Sánchez, J. G. S., Ruiz, N. F. O., Martínez, Á. M., & Martín, A. B. B. INNOVACIÓN DOCENTE E INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS.
Carrasco-Polaino, R., & Trelles-Villanueva, A. (2020). Las elecciones al parlamento andaluz de 2018 en Instagram: partidos políticos, periodismo profesional y memes.
http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/100476
Giraldo Jurado, N. Yo también quiero servir.
http://repository.javeriana.edu.co/handle/10554/43659
Martorell Castellano, C., & Serra Folch, C. (2018). La presencia de las ONG en Instagram: estudio de caso de Proactiva Open Arms. Trípodos, (43), 83-97.
http://www.tripodos.com/index.php/Facultat_Comunicacio_Blanquerna/article/view/563
Cruz Alava, J. L. (2019). Analizar el social media marketing en la generación millennial y post-millennial de la zona comercial de Cumbayá (Bachelor's thesis).
http://dspace.ups.edu.ec/handle/123456789/17321
Castellano, C. M., & Folch, C. S. (2018). La presencia de las ONG en Instagram: estudio de caso de Proactiva Open Arms. Trípodos, (43), 83-97.
https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6898914
Avila Campoverde, F., & Ugalde, C. (2020). Instagram: la red social con la mayor interacción para promover los destinos turísticos ecuatorianos.
http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/106753
Gonzalez-Carrion, E. L., & Aguaded, I. (2020). Engagement y evolución de instagramers hispanohablantes de moda. Revista Latina, (77), 231-252.
http://nuevaepoca.revistalatinacs.org/index.php/revista/article/view/153
Krug, B. T. (2020). Fotografía Gastronómica: análisis de la comunicación digital entre Brasil y España.
http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/109496
Torres, V. H. (2021). Lo visual se suma: una mirada sobre Instagram y su uso en la Campaña nacional por la legalización del aborto entre 2018-2019. Millcayac-Revista Digital de Ciencias Sociales, 8(14), 349-390.
http://revistas.uncuyo.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/millca-digital/article/view/4286
Meca Jaymez, J. S. Acciones de contenido digital de marcas de bebidas alcohólicas y su relación con el engagement y la intención de compra mediante Instagram en las personas entre 18 a 35 años de Lima Metropolitana.
https://repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe/handle/10757/651914
Gonzalez-Carrion, E. L., & Aguaded, I. (2020). Engagement and evolution of Spanishspeaking fashion instagrammers. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, (77), 231-251.
Berne-Manero, C., & Marzo-Navarro, M. (2020). Exploring how influencer and relationship marketing serve corporate sustainability. Sustainability, 12(11), 4392.
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/11/4392
Korenkova, M., Maros, M., Levicky, M., & Fila, M. (2020). Consumer Perception of Modern and Traditional Forms of Advertising. Sustainability, 12(23), 9996.
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/23/9996
Romero Solana, E., Berné Manero, C., & Marzo Navarro, M. Análisis de las características del influencer en el “engagement” del usuario de Instagram.
https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/76141
Polaino, R. C., & Cirujano, E. V. (2021). El papel de los medios de comunicación en la Greta Thunberg como personaje viralizador de los tuit del sector informativo durante la cumbre del clima COP25. Revista de Ciencias de la Comunicación e Información, 26, 1-13.
http://revistaccinformacion.net/index.php/rcci/article/view/116
Alternative metrics
How to cite
Carrasco-Polaino, R., Villar-Cirujano, E., & Martín-Cárdaba, M. (2018). Artivism and NGO: Relationship between image and 'engagement' in Instagram. [Artivismo y ONG: Relación entre imagen y «engagement» en Instagram]. Comunicar, 57, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.3916/C57-2018-03