Design and Validation of an Assessment Scale for the Subject of Physical Education (E-VADEF-e) in Schoolchildren

Abstract

Research indicates that a positive attitude towards the subject of Physical Education (PE) is significantly associated with higher levels of physical-sport activity among schoolchildren. Based on this relationship, a scale was designed and validated to assess the “valuation of the PE subject,” named E-VADEF-e. This instrument consists of 18 items distributed across four dimensions that define the construct. The study was conducted with a sample of students aged 10 to 12 from primary education schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied, along with psychometric tests to ensure the reliability and validity of the scale. Using structural equation modeling, adequate indices of absolute, incremental, and parsimonious fit were obtained, allowing for the confirmation of a clear dimensional model. This model identifies four key factors in the valuation of PE: (1) perceived usefulness and motivation in PE classes, (2) perceived enjoyment in PE classes, (3) comparison with other curricular subjects, and (4) perceived difficulty in PE classes. Standardized parameters showed a good fit between the exploratory and confirmatory models, supporting the factorial structure obtained. In conclusion, the E-VADEF-e scale represents a valid, reliable, and useful tool for assessing how students value the PE subject, providing relevant insights for guiding educational improvements.