Olinda Julia Mamani Ramos Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España)
Juan Báez y Pérez de Tudela Departamento de Marketing de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España)
Keywords
Marketing educativo, publicidad universitaria, publicidad emocional y racional, investigación cualitativa, toma de decisiones estudiantiles, modelo híbrido
Abstract
El incremento del número de universidades en España ha intensificado la competencia por atraer matrículas a nivel local, nacional e internacional. Ante este escenario, las instituciones han adoptado diversas estrategias de marketing, siendo la publicidad una de las más utilizadas para captar nuevos estudiantes. Esta investigación analiza la percepción que los estudiantes universitarios tienen de la publicidad de las universidades públicas y privadas, diferenciando entre mensajes racionales y emocionales, y explora cómo estos influyen en la elección académica. Para ello se empleó la técnica cualitativa de grupo focal (14 grupos), con 66 estudiantes de once universidades de la Comunidad de Madrid, y, además, se completó con un test de dos spots (de una universidad privada y de otra pública). Los resultados evidencian dos enfoques diferenciados: las universidades privadas apelan a emociones como motivación, pertenencia y aspiración, mientras que las públicas priorizan mensajes racionales centrados en reputación e información académica. Aunque ambos enfoques presentan fortalezas, los estudiantes valoran estrategias equilibradas que combinen claridad informativa con conexión emocional, ajustadas a sus perfiles. Este estudio presenta y valida un enfoque innovador: el Modelo de Estrategia Híbrida en Publicidad Universitaria, que integra componentes racionales y emocionales para mejorar la eficacia comunicativa y la toma de decisiones, construido a partir de las percepciones estudiantiles recogidas en grupos focales. La investigación se justifica por la escasa literatura empírica sobre publicidad universitaria en España, en un contexto de creciente competencia institucional.
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Technical information
Received: 2025-07-23 | Reviewed: 2025-09-09 | Accepted: 2025-09-18 | Online First: 2026-01-02 | Published: 2026-01-04
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Olinda Julia Mamani Ramos., Juan Báez y Pérez de Tudela. (2026). Percepción de los estudiantes sobre la publicidad universitaria en España: modelo híbrido. Comunicar, 34(84). 10.5281/zenodo.18115920