La credibilidad de las noticias digitales: El vínculo es más impactante que la fuente

Online news recommendations credibility: The tie is mightier than the source

 Tal Samuel-Azran, Herzliya (Israel)

 Tsahi Hayat, Herzliya (Israel)

https://doi.org/10.3916/C60-2019-07

Palabras clave

Credibilidad, redes sociales, análisis de redes sociales, consumo de noticias, búsqueda de información, experimento, análisis cuantitativo, influencia

Resumen

Se examina en este trabajo la credibilidad percibida de las noticias compartidas a través de los sitios de redes sociales (RRSS), específicamente, en función de la fuerza de enlace y la credibilidad percibida de la fuente de los medios de la cual se originó el contenido. Utilizamos un diseño entre sujetos. Se analizó la cuenta de Facebook de cada participante (N=217). Sobre la base de este análisis, a nuestros participantes se les mostró una publicación ficticia de Facebook que supuestamente fue compartida por uno de sus amigos de Facebook con los que tenían un vínculo social fuerte (grupo experimental) o un vínculo social débil (grupo de control). Luego se les preguntó a todos los destinatarios acerca de sus percepciones con respecto a la fuente de noticias (de la cual se suponía que se originó el artículo), y su percepción con respecto a la credibilidad del artículo presentado. Nuestros hallazgos indican que la fuerza del vínculo social entre el que comparte el elemento y su destinatario media el efecto de la percepción de credibilidad con respecto a la fuente de noticias, y la credibilidad percibida del elemento, así como la posibilidad de buscar información adicional sobre el tema presentado en el elemento compartido.

Referencias

Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 211-236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Amichai-Hamburger, Y., & Hayat, T. (2017). Social Networking. The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783764.wbieme0170

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Anspach, N.M. (2017). The new personal influence: How our Facebook friends influence the news we read. Political Communication, 34(4), 590-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2017.1316329

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Aron, A., Aron, E.N., & Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of other in the self-scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(4), 596-612. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.596

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Azran, T., Lavie-Dinur, A., & Karniel, Y. (2012). Accent and prejudice: Israelis' blind assessment of Al-Jazeera English news items. Global Media Journal: Mediterranean Edition, 7(2), 31-43. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501300196.ch-012

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2018). Fake news and the economy of emotions: Problems, causes, solutions. Digital Journalism 6(2), 154-175. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1345645

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Berrocal-Gonzalo, S., Campos-Dominguez, E., & Redondo-García, M. (2014). Media prosumers in political communication: Politainment on YouTube. [Prosumidores mediáticos en la comunicación política: El ‘politainment’ en YouTube]. Comunicar, 22, 65-72. https://doi.org/10.3916/C43-2014-06

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Borah, P. (2014). The hyperlinked world: A look at how the interactions of news frames and hyperlinks influence news credibility and willingness to seek information. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(3), 576-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12060

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Dawson, J.F. (2014). Moderation in management research: What, why, when, and how. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-013-9308-7

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G* Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4),1149-1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Flanagin, A.J., & Metzger, M.J. (2007). The role of site features, user attributes, and information verification behaviors on the perceived credibility of web-based information. New Media & Society, 9(2), 319-342. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444807075015

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Frier, S. (2017). Facebook stumbles with early effort to stamp out fake news. Bloomberg. https://bloom.bg/2z2fLzH

Link Google Scholar

García-Galera, M.C., & Valdivia, A. (2014). Media prosumers. Participatory culture of audiences and media responsibility. [Prosumidores mediáticos. Cultura participativa de las audiencias y responsabilidad de los medios]. Comunicar, 22, 10-13. https://doi.org/10.3916/C43-2014-a2

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Gaziano, C., & McGrath, K. (1986). Measuring the concept of credibility. Journalism quarterly, 63(3),451-462. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908606300301

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Gilbert, E., & Karahalios, K. (2009). Predicting tie strength with social media. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 211-220). https://doi.org/10.1145/1518701.1518736

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Gunther, A.C. (1992). Biased press or biased public? Attitudes toward media coverage of social groups. Public Opinion Quarterly, 56(2),147-167. https://doi.org/10.1086/269308

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Harmon, R.R., & Coney, K.A. (1982). The persuasive effects of source credibility in buy and lease situations. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(2) 255-260. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151625

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Harris, L., & Dennis, C. (2011). Engaging customers on Facebook: Challenges for e?retailers. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(6), 338-346. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.375

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hayat, T., & Hershkovitz, A. (2018). The role social cues play in mediating the effect of eWOM over purchasing intentions: An exploratory analysis among university students. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 17(3), 173-187. https://doi.org/10.1362/147539218X15434304746027

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hayat, T., & Samuel-Azran, T. (2017). ‘You too, second screeners?’ Second screeners’ echo chambers during the 2016 us elections primaries. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 61(2), 291-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2017.1309417

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hayat, T., Hershkovitz, A., & Samuel-Azran, T. (2018). The independent reinforcement effect: Diverse social ties and the credibility assessment process. Public Understanding of Science, 28(2),1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518812282

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hayat, T., Samuel-Azran, T., & Galily, Y. (2016). Al-Jazeera sport’s US Twitter followers: Sport-politics nexus? Online information review, 40(6), 785-797. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-01-2016-0033

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Hovland, C.I., Janis, I.L., & Kelley, H.H. (1953). Communication and persuasion: Psychological studies of opinion change. New Haven: Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/2087772

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

John, N.A., & Dvir-Gvirsman, S. (2015). ‘I don't like you any more’: Facebook unfriending by Israelis during the Israel–Gaza Conflict of 2014. Journal of Communication, 65(6), 953-974.https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12188

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Johnson, T.J., & Kaye, B.K. (1998). Cruising is believing?: Comparing Internet and traditional sources on media credibility measures. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 75(2), 325-340.https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909807500208

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Johnson, T.J., & Kaye, B.K. (2014). Credibility of social network sites for political information among politically interested internet users. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(4), 957-974. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12084

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Krämer, N.C., Rösner, L., Eimler, S.C., Winter, S., & Neubaum, G. (2014). Let the weakest link go! Empirical explorations on the relative importance of weak and strong ties on social networking sites. Societies, 4(4), 785-809. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc4040785

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Ladd, J.M. (2013). The era of media distrust and its consequences for perceptions of political reality. In T.N. Ridout (Ed.), New directions in media and politics (pp. 24-44). London: Routledge.

Link Google Scholar

McGuire, W. J. (1985). Attitudes and attitude change. In G. Lindzey, & E. Aronson (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (pp. 233-346). New York: Random House. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315784786

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Putnam, R.D. (2000). Bowling alone: America’s declining social capital culture and politics (pp. 223-234): New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62965-7_12

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Romero-Rodríguez, L.M., Torres-Toukoumidis, D.A., Pérez-Rodríguez, M.A., & Aguaded, I. (2016). Analfanauts and fourth screen: Lack of infodiets and media and information literacy in Latin American university students. Fonseca, 12, 11-25. https://doi.org/10.14201/fjc2016121125

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Salmon, C.T. (1986). Perspectives on involvement in consumer and communication research. Progress in communication sciences, 7, 243-268. http://bit.ly/2CRQR74

Link Google Scholar

Samuel-Azran, T. (2016). Intercultural communication as a clash of civilizations: Al-Jazeera and Qatar's Soft Power. New York: Peter Lang. https://doi.org/10.3726/b10476

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Samuel-Azran, T., & Hayat, T. (2017). Counter-hegemonic contra-flow and the Al Jazeera America fiasco: A social network analysis of Al Jazeera America’s Twitter users. Global Media and Communication, 13(3), 267-282. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766517734255

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Shearer, E., & Gottfried, J. (2017, September 7). News use across social media platforms 2017. Pew Research Center. https://pewrsr.ch/2vMCQWO

Link Google Scholar

Sherif, M., & Hovland, C.I. (1961). Social judgment: Assimilation and contrast effects in communication and attitude change. Oxford: Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/223278

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Silverman, C., Strapagiel, L., Shaban, H., Hall, E., & Singer-Vine, J. (2016). Hyperpartisan Facebook pages are publishing false and misleading information at an alarming rate. Buzzfeed News. https://bit.ly/2NKyHZ7

Link Google Scholar

Turcotte, J., York, C., Irving, J., Scholl, R.M., & Pingree, R.J. (2015). News recommendations from social media opinion leaders: Effects on media trust and information seeking. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20(5), 520-535. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12127

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Vosoughi, S., Roy, D., & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359(6380), 1146-1151. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Ficha técnica

Recibido: 18-12-2018

Revisado: 19-01-2019

Aceptado: 20-02-2019

Preprint: 15-05-2019

Fecha publicación: 01-07-2019

Tiempo de revisión del artículo : 32 días | Media tiempo revisión número 60: 48 días

Tiempo de aceptación del artículo: 64 días | Media tiempo aceptación número 60: 64 días

Tiempo de edición del preprint: 149 días | Media tiempo edición número preprint 60: 149 días

Tiempo de edición del artículo: 194 días | Media tiempo edición número 60: 194 días

Métricas

Métricas de este artículo

Vistas: 7771

Lectura del abstract: 6717

Descargas del PDF: 1054

Métricas completas de Comunicar 60

Vistas: 87417

Lectura del abstract: 69492

Descargas del PDF: 17925

Citado por