COVID-19 en YouTube: Debates y polarización en la esfera digital

COVID-19 on YouTube: Debates and polarisation in the digital sphere

 Oscar Luengo, Granada (España)

 Javier García-Marín, Granada (España)

 Emiliana de-Blasio, Roma (Italia)

https://doi.org/10.3916/C69-2021-01

Palabras clave

Esfera pública, YouTube, ciberpolítica, aprendizaje profundo, polarización, COVID-19

Resumen

Las redes sociales han transformado de forma muy significativa la forma en la que se produce el diálogo político, impulsando una configuración digital de la esfera pública. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo el análisis de la deliberación producida en las redes sociales, con un especial énfasis en la polarización. Tomando como referencia los comentarios observados en YouTube sobre la COVID-19 durante 2020 en España, Italia y Reino Unido, lo cual arroja una muestra de 111.808 comentarios, se aplicaron una serie de técnicas automáticas de análisis basadas en algoritmos, lo que supone una metodología cuantitativa novedosa en este ámbito de estudio. En línea con lo señalado por trabajos previos, la hipótesis que se plantea en este artículo es que el grado de polarización no se da con la misma intensidad en las esferas digitales de distintos casos. De esta manera, cabe esperar unos mayores registros de polarización en la esfera digital de los países del sur de Europa, adscritos a un modelo de pluralismo polarizado, que en países de otros modelos como el liberal. Los resultados confirman la hipótesis, verificando que no solo se observa mayor polarización en España e Italia que en Reino Unido, sino que, a nivel desagregado, los hallazgos apuntan a que la actividad más polarizante obtiene mayor aprobación en los países mediterráneos de nuestra muestra.

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Fundref

Grupo de Investigación en Ciencia Política y de la Administración (SEJ-113, Junta de Andalucía); Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología de la Universidad de Granada; Università LUISS (Roma).

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Ficha técnica

Recibido: 25-01-2021

Revisado: 20-03-2021

Aceptado: 26-04-2021

OnlineFirst: 15-06-2021

Fecha publicación: 01-10-2021

Tiempo de revisión del artículo : 54 días | Media tiempo revisión número 69: 30 días

Tiempo de aceptación del artículo: 90 días | Media tiempo aceptación número 69: 68 días

Tiempo de edición del preprint: 203 días | Media tiempo edición número preprint 69: 180 días

Tiempo de edición del artículo: 248 días | Media tiempo edición número 69: 225 días

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