Palabras clave
TIC, autoeficacia digital, actitud digital, personalidad, autoconcepto, familia
Resumen
Muchas investigaciones actuales analizan comportamientos de riesgo de adolescentes en el uso de TIC (como el uso excesivo o adictivo), siendo escasas las que exploran las características del comportamiento de bajo riesgo. El objetivo fue analizar el perfil psicosocial de una muestra de 593 adolescentes españoles de 13 a 18 años. El grupo de uso de TIC de bajo riesgo se calculó mediante: «el índice de multitarea mientras se realizan tareas escolares» e ítems sobre conductas de riesgo en el uso de TIC. Se realizaron pruebas Chi-cuadrado y pruebas t y una regresión logística binaria por pasos para predecir el bajo riesgo de uso de TIC. Los resultados mostraron que el 7,1% se clasificó como usuario de TIC de bajo riesgo, con mayor porcentaje de chicas. Su perfil se caracterizaba por: menor autoeficacia digital en redes sociales, menor uso generalizado de las TIC y una actitud menos dependiente; menor extroversión y mayor amabilidad y responsabilidad; un mayor autoconcepto académico; disponer de normas de uso de TIC en el hogar; y un apego menos inseguro y ansioso hacia las figuras paternas. Las variables que predijeron un comportamiento de bajo riesgo fueron: un elevado autoconcepto académico; una baja percepción de ansiedad por separación de los seres queridos; y una puntuación alta en amabilidad. Estos resultados son útiles para proponer intervenciones psico-socio-educativas que promuevan el uso saludable de las TIC.
Referencias
Arafa, A., Mahmoud, O., & Abu-Salem, E. (2019). Excessive Internet use and self-esteem among Internet users in Egypt. International Journal of Mental Health, 48(2), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2019.1611167
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Atroszko, P.A., Balcerowska, J.M., Bereznowski, P., Biernatowska, A., Pallesen, S., & Andreassen, C.S. (2018). Facebook addiction among Polish undergraduate students: Validity of measurement and relationship with personality and well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 329-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.001
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Balluerka, N., Lacasa-Saludas, F., Gorostiaga, A., Muela, A., & Pierrehumbert, B. (2011). Versión reducida del cuestionario CaMir (CaMir-R) para la evaluación del apego. Psicothema, 23(3), 486-494. http://bit.ly/3OFQnV7
Link Google Scholar
Casas, F., Madorell, L., Figuer, C., Gonzàlez, M., Malo, S., Garcia, M., Bertran, I., Cebrian, N., Carpena, D., Martin, A., Babot, N., Montilla, S., & Grinver, S. A. (2007). Preferències i expectatives dels adolescents relatives a la televisió a Catalunya. Consell Audiovisual de Catalunya. https://bit.ly/3Fhrxqt
Link Google Scholar
Castro-Sánchez. M., Rojas-Jiménez, M., Zurita-Ortega, F., & Chacón-Cuberos, R. (2019). Multidimensional Self-Concept and Its Association with Problematic Use of Video Games in Spanish College Students. Education Science, 9(206), 2-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030206
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Ching, K.H., & Tak, L.M. (2017). The structural model in parenting style, attachment style, self-regulation and self-esteem for smartphone addiction. Journal of Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences, 3(1), 85-103. https://doi.org/10.22492.ijpbs.3.1.06
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Costa, P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (2004). A contemplated revision of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Personality and individual differences, 36(3), 587-596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00118-1
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Coyne, S.M., Stockdale, L.A., Warburton, W., Gentile, D.A., Yang, C., & Merrill, B.M. (2020). Pathological video game symptoms from adolescence to emerging adulthood: A 6-Year longitudinal study of trajectories, predictors, and outcomes. Developmental Psychology, 56(7), 1385-1396. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000939
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Durager, A., & Livingstone, S. (2012). How can parents support children’s Internet safety? EU Kids Online. http://bit.ly/3OLgIBd
Link Google Scholar
Echeburúa, E. (2012). Factores de riesgo y factores de protección en la adicción a las nuevas tecnologías y redes sociales en jóvenes y adolescentes. Revista Española de Drogodependencias, 37(4), 435-447. http://bit.ly/3AOtNUx
Link Google Scholar
Ettinger, K., & Cohen, A. (2020). Patterns of multitasking behaviours of adolescents in digital environments. Education Information Technology, 25, 623-645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09982-4
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Gudmundsdottir, G.B., Gassó, H.H., Rubio, J.C.C., & Hatlevik, O.E. (2020). Student teachers’ responsible use of ICT: Examining two samples in Spain and Norway. Computers & Education, 152, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103877
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Helsper, E.J., & Smahel, D. (2020). Excessive internet use by young Europeans: Psychological vulnerability and digital literacy? Information, Communication & Society, 23(9), 1255-1273. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1563203
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Hiniker, A., Schoenebeck, S.Y., & Kientz, J.A. (2016). Not at the dinner table: Parents' and children's perspectives on family technology rules. In D. Gergle, M. Ringel-Morris, P. Bjørn, & J. Konstan (Eds.), Proceedings of the 19th ACM conference on computer-supported cooperative work & social computing (pp. 1376-1389). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2819940
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Holloway, D., Green, L., & Livingstone, S. (2013). Zero to eight. Young children and their internet use. LSE, EU Kids Online. http://bit.ly/3VwxPZU
Link Google Scholar
Kav?i?, T., Levpuš?ek, M.P., Zupan?i?, M., Poredoš, M., & Bjornsen, C. (2019). Personal correlates of problematic types of social media and mobile phone use in emerging adults. Human Technology, 15(2), 256-278. https://doi.org/10.17011/ht/urn.201906123158
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Kim, E., & Koh, E. (2018). Avoidant attachment and smartphone addiction in college students: The mediating effects of anxiety and self-esteem. Computers in Human Behavior, 84, 264-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.037
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Kim, E., Cho, I., & Kim, E.J. (2017). Structural equation model of smartphone addiction based on adult attachment theory: Mediating effects of loneliness and depression. Asian Nursing Research, 11(2), 92-97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2017.05.002
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Kuss, D.J., Kristensen, A.M., & Lopez-Fernandez, O. (2020). Internet addictions outside of Europe: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 115, 106621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106621
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Livingstone, S., & Stoilova, M. (2021). The 4Cs: Classifying Online Risk to Children. (CO:RE Short Report Series on Key Topics). CO:RE - Children Online: Research and Evidence. https://doi.org/10.21241/ssoar.71817
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Livingstone, S., Haddon, L., Görzig, A., & Ólafsson, K. (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full Findings. LSE, EU Kids Online. http://bit.ly/3V7Lbvv
Link Google Scholar
Livingstone, S., Ólafsson, K., Helsper, E.J., Lupiáñez-Villanueva, F., Veltri, G.A., & Folkvord, F. (2017). Maximizing opportunities and minimizing risks for children online: The role of digital skills in emerging strategies of parental mediation. Journal of Communication, 67(1), 82-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12277
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Lozano-Blasco, R., Latorre-Martínez, M.P., & Cortés-Pascual, A. (2022). Screen addicts: A meta-analysis of internet addiction in adolescence. Children and Youth Services Review, 135, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106373
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Luo, J., Yeung, P.S., & Li, H. (2020). The relationship among media multitasking, academic performance and self-esteem in Chinese adolescents: The cross-lagged panel and mediation analyses. Children and Youth Services Review, 117, 105308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105308
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Malo-Cerrato, S., González, M., Casas, F., Viñas, F., Gras, M.E., & Bataller, S. (2014). Adaptació al català. In F. García, & G. Musitu (Eds.), AF5 Autoconcepto – Forma 5 (pp. 69-88). TEA Ediciones.
Link Google Scholar
Malo-Cerrato, S., Martín-Perpiñá, M., & Viñas-Poch, F. (2018). Excessive use of social networks: Psychosocial profile of Spanish adolescents. [Uso excesivo de redes sociales: Perfil psicosocial de adolescentes españoles]. Comunicar, 56, 101-110. https://doi.org/10.3916/C56-2018-10
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Marshall, T.C., Lefringhausen, K., & Ferenczi, N. (2015). The Big Five, self-esteem, and narcissism as predictors of the topics people write about in Facebook status updates. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.039
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Martín-Perpiñá, M.M., Viñas, F., & Malo, S. (2019b). Media multitasking impact in homework, executive function and academic performance in Spanish adolescents. Psicothema,31(1), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2018.178
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Martín-Perpiñá, M.M., Viñas, F., & Malo-Cerrato, M. (2019a). Personality and social context factors associated to self-reported excessive use of information and communication technology (ICT) on a sample of Spanish adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 436. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00436
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Müller, K.W., Dreier, M., Beutel, M.E., Duven, E., Giralt, S., & Wölfing, K. (2017). A hidden type of Internet addiction? Intense and addictive use of social networking sites in adolescence. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 172-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.07
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
OECD (Ed.) (2015). Skills for social progress: The power of social and emotional skills, OECD skills studies. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264226159-en
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, A.D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(37), 15583-15587. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903620106
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Ozteke, H.I, Kesici, S., Buyukbayraktar, C.G., & Yalcin, B. (2017). Prediction of problematic internet use by attachment in university students. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(1), 79-83. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i1.2070
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Panda, A., & Jain, N.K. (2018). Compulsive smartphone usage and users' ill-being among young Indians: Does personality matter? Telematics and Informatics, 35(5), 1355-1372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.03.006
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Prats-Fernández, M.A., Rodríguez-Torres, A., Oberst, U., & Carbonell, X. (2018). Diseño y aplicación de talleres educativos para el uso saludable de internet y redes sociales en la adolescencia: Descripción de un estudio piloto. Pixel-Bit, 52, 111-124. https://doi.org/10.12795/pixelbit.2018.i52.08
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Rogobete, D.A., Lonescu, T., & Miclea, M. (2021). The relationship between media multitasking behavior and executive function in adolescence: A replication study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 41(5), 725-753. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0272431620950478
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Rosen, L.D., Whaling, K., Carrier, L.M., Cheever, N.A., & Rokkum, J. (2013). The media and technology usage and attitudes scale: An empirical investigation. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2501-2511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.006
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Schou-Andreassen, C. Griffiths, M.D., Gjertsen, S.R., Krossbakken, E., Kvam, S., & Pallesen, S. (2013). The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2(2), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1556/JBA.2.2013.003
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Seidman, G. (2013). Self-presentation and belonging on Facebook: How personality influences social media use and motivations. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(3), 402-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.009
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Singh, P. (2022). Conscientiousness moderates the relationship between neuroticism and health-risk behaviors among adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 63(3), 256-264. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12799
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Smahel, D., Machackova, H., Mascheroni, G., Dedkova, L., Staksrud, E., Ólafsson, K., Livingstone, S., & Hasebrink, U. (2020). EU Kids Online 2020: Survey results from 19 countries. EU Kids Online. https://doi.org/10.21953/lse.47fdeqj01ofo
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Tang, J.H., Chen, M.C., Yang, C.Y., Chung, T.Y., & Lee, Y.A. (2016). Personality traits, interpersonal relationships, online social support, and Facebook addiction. Telematics and Informatics, 33(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2015.06.003
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Vondrackova, P., & Šmahel, D. (2019). Internet addiction in context. In Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Artificial Intelligence, Computer Simulation, and Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 551-562). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch041
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Wachs, S., Vazsonyi, A.T., Wright, M.F., & Jiskrova, G.K. (2020). Cross-national associations among cyberbullying victimization, self-esteem, and internet addiction: Direct and indirect effects of alexithymia. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01368
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Zaman, B., Nouwen, M., Vanattenhoven, J., de-Ferrerre, E., & Van-Looy, J. (2016). A qualitative inquiry into the contextualized parental mediation practices of young children’s digital media use at home. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 60(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Fundref
Este trabajo no tiene ningún soporte financiero
Ficha técnica
Recibido: 01-09-2022
Revisado: 08-10-2022
Aceptado: 29-11-2022
OnlineFirst: 30-01-2023
Fecha publicación: 01-04-2023
Tiempo de revisión del artículo : 37 (en días) | Media de tiempo de revisión de los manuscritos del número 75: 32 (en días)
Tiempo de aceptación del artículo: 89 (en días) | Media tiempo aceptación de los manuscritos del número 75: 93 (en días)
Tiempo de edición OnlineFirst: 167 (en días) | Media tiempo edición de los OnlineFirst del número 75: 171 (en días)
Tiempo de publicacicón final del artículo: 212 (en días) | Media tiempo de publicación final de los articulos del número 75: 216 (en días)
Métricas
Métricas de este artículo
Vistas: 167
Lectura del abstract: 127
Descargas del PDF: 40
Métricas completas de Comunicar 75
Vistas: 2504
Lectura del abstract: 1925
Descargas del PDF: 579
Citado por
Citas en Web of Science
Actualmente no existen citas hacia este documento
Citas en Scopus
Actualmente no existen citas hacia este documento
Citas en Google Scholar
Actualmente no existen citas hacia este documento