As emoções provocadas pela violência na televisão

 Concepción Fernández-Villanueva, Madrid (Espanha)

 Juan-Carlos Revilla-Castro, Madrid (Espanha)

 Roberto Domínguez-Bilbao, Madrid (Espanha)

https://doi.org/10.3916/C36-2011-02-10

Palavras chave

Violência, televisão, emoções, impacto emocional, recepção pelo telespectador, análise do discurso

Resumo

Os efeitos da violência na televisão vêm sendo amplamente estudados a partir de uma perspectiva experimental que abarca, em certo modo, a interação entre emissor e receptor. O presente trabalho aborda uma perspectiva complementar que considera tanto a interpretação dos telespectadores quanto as mensagens televisivas. Propõe-se a identificar e analisar as dimensões sociais que midiatizam as experiências emocionais frente à violência vista na televisão e como essas dimensões emocionais, que se constroem no discurso, estão ligadas a atitudes, princípios éticos e cursos de ação. O discurso analisado provém de oito grupos de discussão –compostos diferencialmente quanto ao gênero, idade e nível educativo -, que foram analisados a partir das emoções que experimentam frente à violência na televisão. A análise do discurso mostra, em primeiro lugar, a importância de uma primeira mobilização emocional, com referência a emoções complexas e, em segundo lugar, uma articulação da experiência emocional com a repetição de cenas (modalidade, classificação e avaliação), com os atos (legitimação ou não) e com os personagens (identificação ou desidentificação). Em conclusão, o duplo impacto das emoções (imediato e diferido) gera narrativas complexas que desembocam em um único curso de ação caracterizado pela responsabilidade e a culpa, que só pode levar-se em conta assumindo o papel ativo de espectador.

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