Palabras clave

Educación mediática, competencias críticas, infodemia, salud mediática, confianza, COVID-19

Resumen

La pandemia por la COVID-19 ha inundado de información poco confiable la esfera pública dando lugar a lo que algunos especialistas llaman la infodemia. Entre los mecanismos utilizados para mitigar los efectos de la infodemia, la alfabetización mediática ha demostrado tener un papel valioso. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las actitudes críticas hacia los medios (ACM) de jóvenes y adultos en relación con la percepción de infodemia (PAI), su influencia en el bienestar socioemocional (BSE), las reacciones emocionales (REI) y la confianza en los medios (CMC). Realizamos un estudio transversal con 404 participantes (M=32,8) en dos comunidades virtuales de México durante el primer semestre de 2021. El análisis descriptivo mostró niveles altos de ACM entre los participantes, mayores niveles de PAI en adultos y mayores niveles de BSE y REI en jóvenes. Las observaciones por grupo de edad revelaron una asociación entre ACM y las variables BSE y CMC, mientras que la asociación entre ACM y PAI fue nula. La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha intensificado el consumo de medios e información no confiable. La alfabetización crítica mediática puede proteger a las personas de los riesgos de la infodemia al mejorar sus competencias y habilidades para informarse. Los resultados de esta investigación respaldan la recomendación de promover iniciativas de alfabetización mediática que favorezcan las actitudes críticas como mecanismos de defensa en crisis sanitarias.

Ver infografía

Referencias

Austin, E.W., Borah, P., & Domgaard, S. (2021). COVID-19 disinformation and political engagement among communities of color: The role of media literacy. The Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 7, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-58

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Baltar, F., & Brunet, I. (2012). Social research 2.0: Virtual snowball sampling method using Facebook. Internet research, 22(1) 57-74. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662241211199960

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Basol, M., Roozenbeek, J., Berriche, M., Uenal, F., McClanahan, W.P., & Linden, S. (2021). Towards psychological herd immunity: Cross-cultural evidence for two prebunking interventions against COVID-19 misinformation. Big Data & Society, 8(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211013868

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Borah, P., Irom, B., & Hsu, Y.C. (2021). ‘It infuriates me': Examining young adults’ reactions to and recommendations to fight misinformation about COVID-19. Journal of Youth Studies, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1965108

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Brodsky, J.E., Brooks, P.J., Scimeca, D., Galati, P., Todorova, R., & Caulfield, M. (2021). Associations between online instruction in lateral reading strategies and fact-checking COVID-19 news among college students. AERA Open, 7, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584211038937

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

de-Bruin, W.B., Saw, H.W., & Goldman, D.P. (2020). Political polarization in US residents’ COVID-19 risk perceptions, policy preferences, and protective behaviors. Journal of Risk and uncertainty, 61(2), 177-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11166-020-09336-3

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Espina, C.R., & Spracklin, E. (2021). Social media literacy in an infodemic. Nurse Educator, 46(6), 332. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNE.0000000000001115

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Ferrés, J., & Piscitelli, A. (2012). Media competence. Articulated proposal of dimensions and indicators. [La competencia mediática: propuesta articulada de dimensiones e indicadores]. Comunicar, 38, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.3916/C38-2012-02-08

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Forsythe, R.A. (2020). Considerations of low health literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Nursing Didactics, 10(11), 01-06. https://doi.org/10.15520/ijnd.v10i11.3152

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Green, J., Edgerton, J., Naftel, D., Shoub, K., & Cranmer, S.J. (2020). Elusive consensus: Polarization in elite communication on the COVID-19 pandemic. Science Advances, 6(28). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc2717

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Guldin, R., Noga-Styron, K., & Britto, S. (2021). Media consumption and news literacy habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. The International Journal of Critical Media Literacy, 3(1), 43-71. https://doi.org/10.1163/25900110-03030003

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Jamsheed, J., & Bin-Naeem, S. (2020). News literacy skills among undergraduate law students in the age of infodemic. Library Philosophy & Practice. https://bit.ly/3wMaI2z

Link Google Scholar

Kellner, D., & Share, J. (2007). Critical media literacy, democracy, and the reconstruction of education. Media Literacy: A Reader, 3-23. https://bit.ly/33mwAXm

Link Google Scholar

Kendall, A., & McDougall, J. (2012). Critical media literacy after the media. [Alfabetización mediática crítica en la postmodernidad]. Comunicar, 38, 21-29.. https://doi.org/10.3916/C38-2012-02-02

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Lin, C.A. (2020). A year like no other: A call to curb the infodemic and depoliticize a pandemic crisis. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 64(5), 661-671. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2020.1871185

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Liu, H., Liu, W., Yoganathan, V., & Osburg, V.S. (2021). COVID-19 information overload and generation Z's social media discontinuance intention during the pandemic lockdown. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 166, 120600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120600

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Losada-Díaz, J.C., Rodríguez-Fernández, L., & Paniagua-Rojano, F.J. (2020). Government communication and emotions in the Covid-19 crisis in Spain. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 78, 23-39. https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1467

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Lovari, A. (2020). Spreading (dis) trust: Covid-19 misinformation and government intervention in Italy. Media and Communication, 8(2), 458-461. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.3219

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Masip, P., Aran-Ramspott, S., Ruiz-Caballero, C., Suau, J., Almenar, E., & Puertas-Graell, D. (2020). Consumo informativo y cobertura mediática durante el confinamiento por el Covid-19: Sobreinformación, sesgo ideológico y sensacionalismo. Profesional de la Información, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.may.12

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Mathews, C.J., McGuire, L., Joy, A., Law, F., Winterbottom, M., Rutland, A., & Hartstone-Rose, A. (2021). Assessing adolescents’ critical health literacy: How is trust in government leadership associated with knowledge of COVID-19? PloS one, 16(11), e0259523. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259523

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Melki, J., Tamim, H., Hadid, D., Makki, M., El-Amine, J., & Hitti, E. (2021). Mitigating infodemics: The relationship between news exposure and trust and belief in COVID-19 fake news and social media spreading. Plos one, 16(6), e0252830. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252830

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Nguyen, A., Smith, A., Jackson, D., & Zhao, X. (2021). Pandemic news experience: COVID-19, News consumption, mental health, and the demand for positive news. Mental Health, and the Demand for Positive News, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3832669

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Okan, O., Bollweg, T.M., Berens, E.M., Hurrelmann, K., Bauer, U., & Schaeffer, D. (2020). Coronavirus-related health literacy: A cross-sectional study in adults during the COVID-19 infodemic in Germany. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5503. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155503

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Ouedraogo, N. (2020). Social media literacy in crisis context: Fake news consumption during COVID-19 lockdown. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3601466

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Panamerican Health Organization (Ed.) (2009). WHO Adolescent health guidance program for health providers. Department of children and adolescents. https://bit.ly/3G3NHfR

Link Google Scholar

Patel, M.P., Kute, V.B., & Agarwal, S.K. (2020). On behalf of COVID-19 working group of Indian society of nephrology. “Infodemic” of COVID 19: More pandemic than the virus. Indian Journal of Nephrology, 30(3), 188. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijn.IJN_216_20

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Pérez-Escoda, A., Pedrero-Esteban, L.M., Rubio-Romero, J., & Jiménez-Narros, C. (2021). Fake news reaching young people on social networks: Distrust challenging media literacy. Publications, 9(2), 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications9020024

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Pérez-Escolar, M., Ordóñez-Olmedo, E., & Alcaide-Pulido, P. (2021). Fact-checking skills and project-based learning about infodemic and disinformation. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100887

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Pickles, K., Cvejic, E., Nickel, B., Copp, T., Bonner, C., Leask, J., Ayre, J., Batcup, C., Cornell, S., Dakin, T., Dodd, R.H., Isautier J.M.J., & McCaffery, K.J. (2020). COVID-19: Beliefs in misinformation in the Australian community. Medrxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.04.20168583

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Potter, W.J. (2013). Review of literature on media literacy. Sociology Compass, 7(6), 417-435. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12041

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Rajasekhar, S., Makesh, D., & Jaishree, S. (2021). Assessing media literacy levels among audience in seeking and processing health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Media Watch, 12(1), 93-108. https://doi.org/10.15655/mw/2021/v12i1/205461

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Rife, S.C., Cate, K.L., Kosinski, M., & Stillwell, D. (2016). Participant recruitment and data collection through Facebook: The role of personality factors. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 19(1), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2014.957069

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Rocha, Y.M., de-Moura, G.A., Desidério, G.A., de Oliveira, C.H., Lourenço, F.D., & de-Figueiredo-Nicolete, L.D. (2021). The impact of fake news on social media and its influence on health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Public Health, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01658-z

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Sánchez-Reina, J.R. (2020). "I love my body!": the representations of body image in television advertising and the child audience. [Doctoral dissertation, Universitat Pompeu Fabra]. https://bit.ly/3sLx7vx

Link Google Scholar

Scheibenzuber, C., Hofer, S., & Nistor, N. (2021). Designing for fake news literacy training: A problem-based undergraduate online-course. Computers in Human Behavior, 121, 106796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106796

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Scribano, A., & Lisdero, P. (2020). Análisis - emociones y pandemia en Latinoamérica: Otra mirada. CONICET-CIECS-UNC//CIES. https://bit.ly/3sGoh2l

Link Google Scholar

Suárez-Álvarez, J., Pedrosa, I., Lozano, L. M., García-Cueto, E., Cuesta-Izquierdo, M., & Muñiz-Fernández, J. (2018). Using reversed items in Likert scales: A questionable practice. Psicothema, 30(2), 149-158. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2018.33

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Veeriah, J. (2021). Young adults’ ability to detect fake news and their new media literacy level in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 372-383. https://doi.org/10.31620/JCCC.06.21/31

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Vraga, E.K., Tully, M., & Bode, L. (2020). Empowering users to respond to misinformation about Covid-19. Media and Communication, 8(2), 475-479. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.3200

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

World Health Organization (Ed.) (2020). Munich Security Conference, 15 February 2020. Munich Security Conference (who.int). https://bit.ly/3sHXLpi

Link Google Scholar

Xu, T. (2021). Media, trust in government, and risk perception of covid-19 in the early stage of epidemic: An analysis based on moderating effect. Healthcare, 9(11),597). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111597

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Zhao, E., Wu, Q., Crimmins, E.M., & Ailshire, J.A. (2020). Media trust and infection mitigating behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. BMJ Global Health, 5(10), e003323. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003323

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Crossmark

Ficha técnica

Recibido: 12-01-2022

Revisado: 03-04-2022

Aceptado: 12-05-2022

OnlineFirst: 30-06-2022

Fecha publicación: 01-10-2022

Tiempo de revisión del artículo : 81 (en días) | Media de tiempo de revisión de los manuscritos del número 73: 44 (en días)

Tiempo de aceptación del artículo: 120 (en días) | Media tiempo aceptación de los manuscritos del número 73: 89 (en días)

Tiempo de edición OnlineFirst: 217 (en días) | Media tiempo edición de los OnlineFirst del número 73: 186 (en días)

Tiempo de publicacicón final del artículo: 262 (en días) | Media tiempo de publicación final de los articulos del número 73: 231 (en días)

Métricas

Métricas de este artículo

Vistas: 34203

Lectura del abstract: 31509

Descargas del PDF: 2694

Métricas completas de Comunicar 73

Vistas: 386406

Lectura del abstract: 357090

Descargas del PDF: 29316

Citado por

Citas en Web of Science

Actualmente no existen citas hacia este documento

Citas en Scopus

Actualmente no existen citas hacia este documento

Citas en Google Scholar

Masegosa, A. N. DIAGNÓSTICO, DIDÁCTICA Y TEORÍA DE LA EDUCACIÓN CAPITALISTAS. COMUNICAR PARA EL CAPITAL. CARIBEÑA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES, 1.

https://www.eumed.net/uploads/revistas/5b9519f59e9992f23d4c52ebded9cf21.pdf#page=4

Géneros discursivos para el análisis de información en el ecosistema mediático J Manrique-Grisales - grupocomunicar.com

https://www.grupocomunicar.com/pdf/redes-sociales-y-ciudadania-2022/Alfamed-actas-135.pdf

Regulacje konstytucyjne i ustawowe edukacji zdalnej. Teoria a praktyka. Casus Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego K Tuczyński, W Walat - Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego, 2023 - cejsh.icm.edu.pl

https://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_15804_ppk_2023_01_15

¿ La alfabetización digital activa la incredulidad en noticias falsas? Eficacia de las actitudes y estrategias contra la desinformación en México M Echeverría, CAR Cano - Revista de …, 2023 - revistadecomunicacion.com

https://revistadecomunicacion.com/article/view/3246

Critical Literacy: Meeting Twenty-first Century Literacy Demands for Adolescent Learners M Blew - 2023 - digitalcommons.pcom.edu

https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/psychology_dissertations/602/

Descarga

Métricas alternativas

Cómo citar

Sánchez-Reina, J., & González-Lara, E. (2022). The COVID-19 infodemic among young people and adults: The support of critical media literacy. [La infodemia del COVID-19 en jóvenes y adultos: El soporte de la alfabetización crítica mediática]. Comunicar, 73, 71-81. https://doi.org/10.3916/C73-2022-06

Compartir

           

Oxbridge Publishing House

4 White House Way

B91 1SE Sollihul Reino Unido

Administración

Redacción

Creative Commons

Esta web utiliza cookies para obtener datos estadísticos de la navegación de sus usuarios. Si continúas navegando consideramos que aceptas su uso. +info X