Keywords

Advertising, childhood, consumption, discourse analysis, media, media television, social representations

Abstract

This paper discusses the main characteristics of advertising discourse in relation to childhood and its engagement with children’s view of this stage of life, in line with «new social studies» and critical discourse analysis. This discussion seeks to complement the functionalist perspective of communication studies in the field of advertising content analysis by incorporating a discursive focus, taking into account contextual issues that may condition the interpretation of messages. Firstly, discourse analysis was used as a means of exploring social representations, identifying stereotypes employed in children's advertising in order to establish the possible functions of the message. To contrast these findings, group interviews were conducted with 10 and 11 year-old boys and girls from middle-income families in Santiago, Chile. A comparison of both findings reveals a complex and relational notion of childhood. Children see themselves as burdened by parents, and adulthood as an effective lack of liberty, where the archetypes reveal an image of the adult world as a state of loss with respect to the exercise of creativity, imagination and freedom. These archetypes correlate to children’s television output, where a number of shows ridicule the image of adults through irony and parody, presenting them as incompetent in their roles as parents and in their moral authority.

References

ADIMARK (2004). Mapa socioeconómico de Chile. Nivel socioeconómico de los hogares del país basado en datos del Censo. Chile. (www.adimark.cl/estudios/2.act) (10-10-2011).

Link Google Scholar

Amigo, B. (2006). Discursos sobre sexualidad en programas de alta audiencia en la televisión abierta. Santiago de Chile: Ministerio de Educación.

Link Google Scholar

Andréu, J. (2000). Las técnicas de análisis de contenido: Una revisión actualizada. Andalucía. (http://public.centrodeestudiosandaluces.es/pdfs/S200103.pdf) (28-05-2011).

Link Google Scholar

Asociación Chilena de Agencias de Publicidad (2010). Inversión publicitaria en medios 2010. Santiago de Chile: ACHAP (www.achap.cl).

Link Google Scholar

Bardin, L. (1986). Análisis de contenido. Madrid: Akal.

Link Google Scholar

Belmonte, J. & Guillamón, S. (2005). Televisión, educación, y construcción de identidad de los telespectadores. Comunicar, 25.

Link Google Scholar

Bringué, X. (2001). Publicidad infantil y estrategia persuasiva: un análisis de contenido. Zer, 10; 107-129.

Link Google Scholar

Capdevila, A. & Fernández, J. (2006). Aplicación de un modelo retórico al análisis de la publicidad televisiva. III Simposium de Profesores Universitarios de Creatividad Publicitaria. Barcelona.

Link Google Scholar

Catalán, C. (1982). El mercado de las revistas de actualidad y la inversión publicitaria: el caso de Chile. Docu-mento de Trabajo, ILET DEC/D/89. México: ILET (Instituto Latinoamericano de Estudios Trasnacionales).

Link Google Scholar

Christensen, P. & James, A. (Eds.) (2000). Research with Children. Perspectives and Practices. London: Falmer Press.

Link Google Scholar

Consejo Nacional de Televisión (CNTV) (Ed.) (2003). Informe 8/13. Los tweens chilenos. Santiago de Chile: (www.cntv.cl).

Link Google Scholar

Consejo Nacional de Televisión (CNTV) (Ed.) (2008). Encuesta nacional de Televisión. Santiago de Chile: (www.cntv.cl).

Link Google Scholar

Consejo Nacional de Televisión (CNTV) (Ed.) (2010). Publicidad en la programación infantil y adolescente. Santiago de Chile: (www.cntv.cl).

Link Google Scholar

Fernández, J. (2006). La publicitat infantil a Televisió de Catalunya. Barcelona: Consell de l’Audiovisual de Catalunya.

Link Google Scholar

Ferrer, M. (2007). Los anuncios de juguetes en la campaña de Navidad. Comunicar, 29; 135-142.

Link Google Scholar

Garretón, M.A. (2000). La sociedad en que vivi(re)mos: introducción sociológica al cambio de siglo. Santiago de Chile: Lom.

Link Google Scholar

Gilberti, E. (1997). Las éticas y la adopción. Buenos Aires: Sudamericana.

Link Google Scholar

Greene, S. & Hill, M. (2005). Researching children’s experience: methods and methodological issues. Greene, S. & Hogan, D. (Eds.). Researching Children’s Experience: Approaches and Methods. London: Sage; 1-21.

Link Google Scholar

Habermas, J. (1989). Teoría de la acción comunicativa: complementos y estudios previos. Madrid: Cátedra.

Link Google Scholar

Habermas, J. (1991). Escritos sobre moralidad y eticidad, Barcelona: Paidós.

Link Google Scholar

Krippendorff, K. (1990). Metodología de análisis de contenido. Teoría y práctica. Barcelona: Paidós.

Link Google Scholar

Lomas, C. (2001). La estética de los objetos y la ética de los sujetos. Comunicar, 17; 31-40.

Link Google Scholar

Mayall, B. (2001). Understanding Childhoods: a London Study. In Alanen, L. & Mayall, B. (Eds.). Conceptua-lising Childadult Relations. London: Routledge Falmer; 114-128.

Link Google Scholar

Perales, A. & Pérez-Chica, Á. (2008). Aprender la identidad: ¿qué menores ven los menores en TV? Comunicar, 31.

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Prout, A. (2001): «Preface». In Hutchby, I. & Moran, J. (Eds.). Children, Technology and Culture. The Impacts of Technologies in Children’s Everyday Lives. London: Routledge Falmer.

Link Google Scholar

Sánchez, J.J.; García, C.; Grañido, M. & Berganza, M. (2002). El espejo mágico. La nueva imagen de la mujer en la publicidad actual. Pamplona: Gobierno Navarro.

Link Google Scholar

Uribe, R. (2005). Características de la publicidad infantil chilena en tiempos de mayor acceso a los medios y a los bienes de consumo. Estudios de Administración, 12, 2. Santiago de Chile.

Link Google Scholar

Vergara, A. & Chávez, P. (2010). Televidencia y vida cotidiana de la infancia. Un estudio de casos con niños y niñas de Santiago. Polis, 26.

Link Google Scholar

Vergara-del Solar, A. & Vergara-Leyton, E. (2008). La TV en la vida de la infancia: estudio de caso en Santiago de Chile. Comunicar, 31; 331-337.

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Vergara-Leyton, E. & Rodríguez-Salineros, M. (2010). El impacto social y cultural de la publicidad entre los jóvenes chilenos. Comunicar 35; 113-119.

Link DOI | Link Google Scholar

Woodhead, M. & Faulkner, D. (2000). Subjects, Objects or Participants? Dilemmas of Psychological Research with Children. In Christensen, P. & James, A. (Eds.). Research with Children. Perspectives and Practices. London: Falmer Press; 9-35.

Link Google Scholar

Young, B. (1990). Television Advertising and Children. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Link Google Scholar

Fundref

This work has no financial support

Crossmark

Technical information

Metrics

Metrics of this article

Views: 43978

Abstract readings: 38570

PDF downloads: 5408

Full metrics of Comunicar 38

Views: 1324841

Abstract readings: 1120489

PDF downloads: 204352

Cited by

Cites in Web of Science

Bin Salim, Muhammad Arfin; Ibrahim, Noor Aireen Binti; Hassan, Hanita. Language for Tourism: A Review of Literature Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.255

Vinaras Abad, Monica; Cabezuelo Lorenzo, Francisco; Herranz de la Casa, Jose Maria. CORPORATE PHILOSOPHY AND BRAND VALUES AS AXES OF THE NEW PARADIGM IN COMMUNICATION PRISMA SOCIAL, 2015.

Link Google Scholar

Vergara, Enrique; Porath, William; Labarca, Claudia; Gomez-Lorenzini, Paulina. THE PREVALENCE OF MYTH ON ICONOGRAPHIC ADVERTISING. EXPLORING THE CASE OF THE CHILEAN RETAIL REVISTA 180, 2017.

Link Google Scholar

Mas, Lluis; Fedele, Maddalena; Larrea, Olatz. Characters' portrayal in the television ads consumed by 5-8 year-old children in Spain CREATIVE INDUSTRIES GLOBAL CONFERENCE (CIGC), 2018.

Link Google Scholar

Matus, Pablo. Discursive representation: Semiotics, theory, and method SEMIOTICA, 2018.

https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2017-0019

Correa, Teresa; Reyes, Marcela; Taillie, Lindsey P. Smith; Carpentier, Francesca R. Dillman. The prevalence and audience reach of food and beverage advertising on Chilean television according to marketing tactics and nutritional quality of products PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION, 2019.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018003130

Carolina Ferreiro-Habra, Ana; Emanuel Torres, Lucas;. Women in Argentinean advertising for men: reinforcing models of male domination through social networks REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE ESTUDIOS SOBRE CUERPOS EMOCIONES Y SOCIEDAD , 2020.

Link Google Scholar

Cites in Scopus

Rodríguez-Pascual, I., Morales-Marente, E., Gualda, E.. 'We do not have to show everything to teachers'. The right to access to cyberreality, its risks from the outlook of children. ['No tenemos que enseñárselo todo a los profesores'. Los derechos de acceso a la ciberrealidad y sus riesgos desde la mirada de niños y niñas]), Gazeta de Antropologia, .

Link Google Scholar

Abad, M.V., Lorenzo, F.C., Herranz De La Casa, J.M.. Corporate philosophy, brand values as axes of the new paradigm in communication [Filosofía corporativa y valores de marca como ejes del nuevo paradigma comunicativo]), Prisma Social, .

Link Google Scholar

Vergara, E., Porath, W., Labarca, C., Gómez-Lorenzini, P.. The prevalence of myth on iconographic advertising. Exploring the case of the chilean retail [La prevalencia del mito en la iconografía publicitaria: Una aproximación al caso del retail en Chile]), Revista 180, .

Link Google Scholar

Matus, P.. Discursive representation: Semiotics, theory,, method), Semiotica, .

https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2017-0019

Cites in Google Scholar

Currently there are no citations to this document

Download

Alternative metrics

How to cite

Vergara-Leyton, E., & Vergara-del-Solar, A. (2012). Representation of childhood in advertising discourse. A case study of the advertising industry in Chile. [Representación de la infancia en el discurso publicitario. Un análisis de caso de la publicidad en Chile]. Comunicar, 38, 167-174. https://doi.org/10.3916/C38-2012-03-08

Share

           

Oxbridge Publishing House

4 White House Way

B91 1SE Sollihul United Kingdom

Administration

Editorial office

Creative Commons

This website uses cookies to obtain statistical data on the navigation of its users. If you continue to browse we consider that you accept its use. +info X