Aplicação da neurotecnologia em alunos com TDAH: uma revisão geral

 Antonio-R. Hidalgo-Muñoz, University of Salamanca (Espanha)

 Daniel Acle-Vicente, University of Salamanca (Espanha)

 Alejandro García-Pérez, University of Salamanca (Espanha)

 Carmen Tabernero-Urbieta, University of Salamanca (Espanha)

https://doi.org/10.3916/C76-2023-05

Palavras chave

Estimulação cognitiva, hyperscanning, neuroeducação, neurociência, neurofeedback, TDAH

Resumo

Atualmente, as salas de aula experimentam um aumento no número de menores matriculados na escola com diagnóstico de transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH). Numerosos estudos propõem, como alternativa à medicação, a implementação de diferentes neurotecnologias em sala de aula para melhorar os sintomas e favorecer as habilidades cognitivas de escolares com esse diagnóstico. Esta revisão sistemática visa compilar a evidência científica existente sobre a aplicação destas técnicas, bem como a sua implementação em sala de aula. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, seguindo os padrões de rigor aceitos (PRISMA), incluindo revisões sistemáticas em inglês ou espanhol, publicadas em revistas científicas, que abordam o TDAH, aplicam alguma neurotecnologia utilizada nesta população (neurofeedback, estimulação transcraniana ( tDCS) ou hyperscan) e referem-se à educação ou salas de aula. Quatorze revisões sistemáticas foram realizadas, mostrando que o neurofeedback é a neurotecnologia mais amplamente utilizada, embora sua implementação real em sala de aula tenha sido pouco abordada ou apenas para fins de avaliação de eficácia. Em segundo lugar, o tDCS aparece com uma abordagem mais clínica, enquanto o hyperscanning não aparece. Apesar de encontrar resultados experimentais promissores, estudos ecológicos são necessários para propor a implementação efetiva dessas técnicas em centros educacionais; por outro lado, a aposta na neuroeducação levaria ao aparecimento de novas figuras profissionais.

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Recebido: 26-12-2022

Revisado: 02-02-2023

Aceite: 23-02-2023

OnlineFirst: 30-05-2023

Data de publicação: 01-07-2023

Tempo de revisão do artigo: 38 dias | Tempo médio de revisão do número 76: -6 dias

Tempo de aceitação do artigo: 59 dias | Tempo médio de aceitação do número 76: 72 dias

Tempo de edição da pré-impressão: 142 dias | Tempo médio de edição pré-impressão do número 76: 155 dias

Tempo de processamento do artigo: 187 dias | Tempo médio de processamento do número 76: 200 dias

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