María-Elena Meneses, Ciudad de México (Mexico)
Keywords
Networks, social networks, public opinion, political communication, digital communication, cultural practices, emotions, virtual environment
Abstract
This article aims to identify how digital public opinion was articulated on Twitter during the visit of the Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump to Mexico City in 2016 by invitation from the Mexican government, which was preceded by the threat to construct a border wall that Mexico would pay for. Using a mixed methodology made up of computational methods such as data mining and social network analysis combined with content analysis, the authors identify conversational patterns and the structures of the net-works formed, beginning with this event involving the foreign policy of both countries that share a long border. The authors study the digital media practices and emotional frameworks these social network users employed to involve themselves in the controversial visit, marked by complex political, cultural and historical relations. The analysis of 352,203 tweets in two languages (English and Spanish), those most used in the conversations, opened the door to an understanding as to how transnational public opinion is articulated in connective actions detonated by newsworthy events in distinct cultural contexts, as well as the emotional frameworks that permeated the conversation, whose palpable differences show that Twitter is not a homogeneous universe, but rather a set of universes co-determined by sociocultural context.
References
AFP (2016). Visita de Trump a México golpea la popularidad de Peña Nieto. El Economista. (https://goo.gl/DM8yeZ).
Ahmed, A., & Malkin, E. (2016). Mexicans Accuse President of ‘Historic Error’ in Welcoming Donald Trump. The New York Times, A17. (https://goo.gl/yb1Kbu).
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Brandwatch. (2016). Estadísticas de TW. Brandwatch. (https://goo.gl/rhs3vv).
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Chadwick, A. (2013). The hybrid media system: Politics and power. New York: Oxford University Press.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Conover, M., Ratkiewicz, J., Francisco, M.R., Gonçalves, B., Menczer, F., & Flammini, A. (2011). Political polarization on Twitter. ICWSM, 133, 89-96. (https://goo.gl/JFkQUD).
Corasaniti, N., & Ahmed, A. (2016). Donald Trump to visit Mexico after more than a year of mocking it. The New York Times, A1. (https://goo.gl/A9c5as).
Couldry, N. (2012). Media, society, world: Social theory and digital media practice. Cambridge: Polity. (https://goo.gl/dMkYYp).
Deuze, M. (2008). The changing context of news work: Liquid journalism for a monitorial citizenry. International Journal of Communication, 2, 18. (https://goo.gl/xR3Q7j).
Donald J. Trump [realDonaldTrump] (2016-08-30). I have accepted the invitation of President Enrique Pena Nieto, of Mexico, and look very much forward to meeting him tomorrow. [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/o3ieL6).
Donald J. Trump [realDonaldTrump] (2016-09-01). Mexico will pay for the wall! [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/KDfJ1i).
Enrique Peña-Nieto [EPN] (2016,1 de septiembre). Repito lo que le dije personalmente, Sr. Trump: México jamás pagaría por un muro. [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/vdYSa1).
Enrique Peña-Nieto [EPN] (2016-08-30). Al inicio de la conversación con Donald Trump dejé claro que México no pagará por el muro. [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/2qsQNX).
Even-Zohar, I. (1999). La posición de la literatura traducida en el polisistema literario. Teori´a de los Polisistemas, 1, 223-231. (https://goo.gl/E7cbxE).
Goffman, E., & Rodríguez, J.L. (2006). Frame analysis: Los marcos de la experiencia. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Hong, L., Convertino, G., & Chi, E.H. (2011). Language matters in Twitter: A large scale study. ICWSM. (https://goo.gl/7yN5Ku).
INEGI (Ed.) (2016). Estadísticas a propósito del día Mundial de Internet. (https://goo.gl/ed9Aet).
Internet Live Stats (Ed.) (2016). Internet live stats 2016. (https://goo.gl/3UQcZL).
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Krippendorff, K. (1997). Metodología de análisis de contenido. Teoría y práctica. Barcelona: Paidós.
Krogstad, J. (2016). 5 facts about Mexico and immigration to the U.S. Pêw Research. (https://goo.gl/eNZn3N).
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Liu, I.L., Cheung, C.M., & Lee, M.K. (2010). Understanding Twitter usage: What drive people continue to Tweet. In PACIS, 92, 928-939. (https://goo.gl/fq2iZh).
Lotan, G., Graeff, E., Ananny, M., Gaffney, D., & Pearce, I. (2011). The Arab Spring, the revolutions were tweeted: Information flows during the 2011 Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions. International Journal of Communication, 5(31). (https://goo.gl/bX6Ebo).
Memoria y Tolerancia [MuseoMyT] (ed.) (2016-08-31). #SrTrumpConTodoRespeto, lo invitamos a que nos visite para recordar la historia y no la repita. #TrumpAlMuseoMyT [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/oVMDT2).
Memoria y Tolerancia [MuseoMyT] (Ed.) (2016-08-31). #SrTrumpConTodoRespeto, lo invitamos a que nos visite para recordar la historia y no la repita. #TrumpAlMuseoMyT [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/VJ3xB3).
Merica, D. (2016). Clinton: In Mexico ‘Trump just failed his first foreign test’. CNN. (https://goo.gl/fksyKB).
Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Parmelee, J.H., & Bichard, S.L. (2011). Politics and the Twitter revolution: How tweets influence the relationship between political leaders and the public. London: Lexington Books. (https://goo.gl/pmRtWH).
Peddinti, S.T., Ross, K.W., & Cappos, J. (2014). On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog: A Twitter case study of anonymity in social networks. Proceedings of the Second ACM Conference on Online Social Networks (pp. 83-94). Nueva York: ACM. (https://goo.gl/pAgVTL).
Politico (Ed.) (2016). Full text: Donald Trump immigration speech in Arizona. Político. (https://goo.gl/hLVjLK).
Presidencia México [PresidenciaMX] (2016-08-30). El Señor @realDonaldTrump ha aceptado esta invitación y se reunirá mañana en privado con el Presidente @EPN. [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/zFuPSF).
Riding, A. (2011). Distant neighbors: A portrait of the Mexicans. New York: Vintage Books. (https://goo.gl/WBMfJK).
Rogers, E.M. (2010). Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press. (https://goo.gl/tftE3J).
Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (Ed.) (2016). Comercio México-Estados Unidos. (https://goo.gl/Qd3gBb).
Secure Fence Act (2006). Public Law 109-367 109th Congress. Congressional Record, US, 26th october 2006. (https://goo.gl/HjdUv8).
Statista (2016). Number of twitter users in the United States from 2014 to 2020 (in millions). Statista. (https://goo.gl/VVdzcg).
The Economist (Ed.) (2016). The unspeakable and the inexplicable. The Economist. (https://goo.gl/cMERzb).
Time (Ed.) (2015). Here’s Donald Trump’s Presidential announcement speech. Time. (https://goo.gl/2CRgBy).
Washington Post [WashingtonPost] (Ed.) (2016-08-30). Breaking: Trump considers meeting in Mexico with the country’s president ahead of wednesday immigration speech. [Tweet]. (https://goo.gl/7WTsZ6).
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Fundref
This work has no financial support
Technical information
Received: 27-09-2017
Revised: 26-10-2017
Accepted: 04-12-2017
OnlineFirst: 15-02-2018
Publication date: 01-04-2018
Article revision time: 29 days | Average time revision issue 55: 54 days
Article acceptance time: 68 days | Average time of acceptance issue 55: 93 days
Preprint editing time: 141 days | Average editing time preprint issue 55: 161 days
Article editing time: 186 days | Average editing time issue 55: 206 days
Metrics
Metrics of this article
Views: 34802
Abstract readings: 30901
PDF downloads: 3901
Full metrics of Comunicar 55
Views: 507949
Abstract readings: 413773
PDF downloads: 94176
Cited by
Cites in Web of Science
Romero-Rodriguez, Luis M.; Civila, Sabina; Aguaded, Ignacio;. Otherness as a form of intersubjective social exclusion Conceptual discussion from the current communicative scenario JOURNAL OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION & ETHICS IN SOCIETY , 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-11-2019-0130
Abuin-Vences, Natalia; Garcia-Rosales, Daniel-Francisco;. Spanish general election 2019 on Twitter: effectiveness of communicative strategies and televised debates as an engine of social discourse PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION , 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.mar.13
Gomez-Garcia, Salvador; Gil-Torres, Alicia; Carrillo-Vera, Jose-Agustin; Navarro-Sierra, Nuria. Constructing Donald Trump: Mobile apps in the political discourse about the President of the United States COMUNICAR, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-05
Aguilar-Gallegos, Norman; Valdes-Lopez, Armando; Munoz-Rodriguez, Manrrubio; Genaro Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique; Santoyo-Cortes, Horacio; Aguilar-Avila, Jorge. NETWORK ANALYSIS IN TWITTER FOR THE INSERTION INTO COMMUNITIES: AN AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCT CASE INTERCIENCIA, 2019.
Eceiza, EU and Ibanez, IE. POLARIZATION AND ECHO CHAMBERS IN #LEYDEEUTANASIA DEBATE IN TWITTER REVISTA DE COMUNICACION DE LA SEECI, 2021.
Cites in Scopus
Abuín-Vences, N., García-Rosales, D.-F. . Spanish general election 2019 on twitter: Effectiveness of communicative strategies and televised debates as an engine of social discourse | [Elecciones generales de 2019 en twitter: Eficacia de las estrategias comunicativas y debates televisados como motor del discurso social]), Profesional de la Informacion, .
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.mar.13
de los Ángeles Flores, M., Chavez, M. . Trump's U.S.-Mexico border agenda: An agenda-building examination of candidate-generated messages), Norteamerica, .
https://doi.org/10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2020.1.414
Romero-Rodriguez, L.M., Civila, S., Aguaded, I. . Otherness as a form of intersubjective social exclusion: Conceptual discussion from the current communicative scenario), Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, .
https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-11-2019-0130
Aguilar-Gallegos, N., Valdés-López, A., Muñoz-Rodríguez, M., Martínez-González, E.G., Santoyo-Cortés, H., Aguilar-Ávila, J.. Network analysis in twitter for the insertion into communities: An agroindustrial product case [Análisis de redes en twitter para la inserción en comunidades: El caso de un producto agroindustrial]), Interciencia, .
Gómez-García, S., Gil-Torres, A., Carrillo-Vera, J.-A., Navarro-Sierra, N.. Constructing Donald Trump: Mobile apps in the political discourse about the President of the United States [Creando a Donald Trump: Las apps en el discurso político sobre el presidente de Estados Unidos]), Comunicar, .
https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-05
Navarro-López, E. . The construction of narratives on human mobility phenomena in social networks: A state of the art | [A construção de narrativas sobre fenômenos de mobilidade humana em redes sociais: Um estado da questão]), Estudios Sobre el Mensaje Periodistico, .
https://doi.org/10.5209/esmp.71408
Cabrera-Gala, R. . Research in the field of communication in Mexico: Topics, findings, and opportunity areas, the first step to develop research plans), Cases on Developing Effective Research Plans for Communications and Information Science, .
Cites in Google Scholar
Aguilar-Gallegos, N., Valdés-López, A., Muñoz-Rodríguez, M., Martínez-González, E. G., Santoyo-Cortés, H., & Aguilar-Ávila, J. (2019). Análisis de redes en twitter para la inserción en comunidades: el caso de un producto agroindustrial. Interciencia, 44(2), 75-81.
Bravo, C. B., García-Suelto, M. C. N., & Casal, S. S. (2018). Investigación en metodologías virtuales, redes sociales y comunicación. Ediciones Octaedro.
Novak, F., & Namihas, S. (2018). La política exterior de Donald Trump y su impacto en América Latina.
http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/133506
Aguilar-Gallegos, N., Valdés-López, A., Muñoz-Rodríguez, M., Martínez-González, E. G., Santoyo-Cortés, H., & Aguilar-Ávila, J. (2019). Análisis de redes en Twitter para la inserción en comunidades: el caso de un producto agroindustrial. Interciencia, 44(2), 75-81.
Abuín-Vences, N., & García-Rosales, D. F. (2020). Elecciones generales de 2019 en Twitter: eficacia de las estrategias comunicativas y debates televisados como motor del discurso social. El Profesional de la Información, 29(2).
Aguilar-Gallegos, N., Valdés-López, A., Muñoz-Rodríguez, M., Martínez-González, E. G., Santoyo-Cortés, H., & Aguilar-Ávila, J. (2019). Análisis de redes en twitter para la inserción en comunidades: El caso de un producto agroindustrial. Interciencia, 44(2), 75-80.
https://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/339/33958304005/33958304005.pdf
Sued, G. (2019). Para una traducción de los métodos digitales a los estudios latinoamericanos de la comunicación. Virtualis, 10(19), 20-41.
https://www.revistavirtualis.mx/index.php/virtualis/article/view/295
Gómez-García, S., Gil-Torres, A., Carrillo-Vera, J. A., & Navarro-Sierra, N. (2019). Constructing Donald Trump: Mobile apps in the political discourse about the President of the United States. Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal, 27(1).
https://www.scipedia.com/public/Gomez-Garcia_et_al_2019a
García, S. G., Torres, A. G., Vera, J. A. C., & Sierra, N. N. (2019). Creando a Donald Trump: Las apps en el discurso político sobre el presidente de Estados Unidos. Comunicar: Revista científica iberoamericana de comunicación y educación, (59), 49-59.
https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6868304
Romero-Rodriguez, L. M., Civila, S., & Aguaded, I. (2020). Otherness as a form of intersubjective social exclusion. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society.
López, E. N. (2021). La construcción de narrativas sobre fenómenos de movilidad humana en redes sociales un estado de la cuestión. Estudios Sobre el Mensaje Periodistico, 27(1), 177.
Navarro-Lopez, E. (2021). La construccion de narrativas sobre fenomenos de movilidad humana en redes sociales: un estado de la cuestion/The construction of narratives on human mobility phenomena in social networks: a state of the art/A construcao de narrativas sobre fenomenos de mobilidade humana em redes sociais: um estado da questao. Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico, 27(1), 177-191.
Vences, N. A., & García-Rosales, D. F. (2020). Elecciones generales de 2019 en Twitter: eficacia de las estrategias comunicativas y los debates televisados como motor del discurso social. El Profesional de la Información, 29(2).
Alternative metrics
How to cite
Meneses, M., Martín-del-Campo, A., & Rueda-Zárate, H. (2018). #TrumpenMexico. Transnational connective action on Twitter and the border wall dispute. [#TrumpenMéxico. Acción conectiva transnacional en Twitter y la disputa por el muro fronterizo]. Comunicar, 55, 39-48. https://doi.org/10.3916/C55-2018-04