Ключевые слова

COVID-19, политические боты, политическая поляризация, цифровая пропаганда, общественное мнение, анализ социальных сетей

Резюме

Контексты социальной и политической поляризации порождают новые формы общения, которые оказывают влияние на цифровую публичную сферу. В этой среде различные социальные и политические актеры помогают усилить свои позиции, используя "боты" для создания пространств социального дистанцирования, в которых есть место для разжигания ненависти и "антигражданского поведения", явления, которое беспокоит ученых и экспертов. Основная цель данного исследования - проанализировать роль, которую сыграли эти автоматизированные агенты в дебатах в социальных сетях о руководстве испанского правительства во время глобальной пандемии COVID-19. Для этого были применены методы анализа социальных больших данных: алгоритмы машинного обучения для определения позиционирования пользователей; алгоритмы обнаружения ботов; методы тематического моделирования для определения тем дебатов в сети, а также анализ настроений. Была использована база данных, состоящая из сообщений в Twitter, опубликованных во время заключения, инициированного в результате испанского локдауна. Основной вывод заключается в том, что "боты" могли быть использованы для разработки политической пропагандистской кампании, инициированной традиционными актeрами с целью усиления напряженности в атмосфере чрезвычайной ситуации. Утверждается, что, хотя эти агенты не являются единственными действующими лицами, усиливающими поляризацию, они помогают обострить дебаты по некоторым ключевым вопросам, усиливая негатив.

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Получила: 04-10-2021

пересмотренный: 19-10-2021

Принятый: 03-12-2021

OnlineFirst: 01-02-2022

Дата публикации: 01-04-2022

Время пересмотра статьи: 15 дней | Среднее время пересмотра вопроса 71: 45 дней

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Robles, J., Guevara, J., Casas-Mas, B., & Gómez, D. (2022). When negativity is the fuel. Bots and Political Polarization in the COVID-19 debate. [Cuando la negatividad es el combustible. Bots y polarización política en el debate sobre el COVID-19]. Comunicar, 71, 63-75. https://doi.org/10.3916/C71-2022-05

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