Lidia Valera-Ordaz, University of Valencia (Spain)
Marina Requena-i-Mora, Jaime I University (Spain)
Keywords
Disinformation, communicative ecosystem, focus groups, discourse analysis, media, social media
Abstract
Disinformation has become a core concept in communications research, related to media, technological and political phenomena that complexify its definition and diagnosis. Although its approach has been mainly quantitative, focus groups have also been used to understand the perception of the audience of this particular issue. This research is part of this second group of studies, and attempts to investigate the notions and discourses on disinformation in the case of Spain. For this purpose, seven discussion groups were conducted, with a structural sample constructed according to employment situation, ideology and age. The results show a perception of the communicative ecosystem structured in two chronological poles, which contrasts a past of reduced information supply – associated with traditional media – with a current informational environment where there is more media diversity, but also less trust in them. The groups point to the overabundance of information and associated disinformation with decontextualisation, low-quality journalism and the economic and political interests of different actors. Discourses outline a scenario of decline in journalism and the public sphere, which is perceived as polarised and emotional. Disinformation is therefore perceived as a multidimensional phenomenon that is associated with issues of major democratic transcendence rather than merely sending hoaxes through the Internet.
References
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Conde F. (2009). Análisis sociológico del sistema de discursos. Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. https://bit.ly/3tqxsF2
Conde F. (2014). Los órdenes sintáctico, semántico y pragmático en el diseño y en el análisis de las investigaciones cualitativas con grupos de discusión. Arxius de Sociologia, 31, 69-84. https://bit.ly/3r9OCFX
De-Lucas, A. (1995). Memoria de oposición. Proyecto docente. Sociología del consumo e investigación de mercados. Inédito.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Hall, S. (1997). The work of representation. In S. Hall (Ed.), Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices (pp. 13-74). The Open University. https://bit.ly/3CrFPDb
Hallin, D.C., & Mancini, P. (2004). Sistemas mediáticos comparados. Tres modelos de relación entre los medios de comunicación y la política. Hacer.
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Ibáñez J. (1979). Más allá de la sociología. El grupo de discusión: Técnica y crítica. Siglo XXI. https://bit.ly/3N7SQX6
Katz, E., & Lazarsfeld, P. (1955). Personal influence. The Free Press.
Lazarsfeld, P., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people’s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. Columbia University Press. https://bit.ly/3wjoYRR
Madrid-Morales, D., Wasserman, H., Gondwe, G., Ndlovu, K., Sikanku, E., Tulley, M., ... & Uzuegbunam, C. (2021). Motivations for sharing misinformation: A comparative study in six Sub-Saharan African countries. International Journal of Communication, 15, 1200-1219. https://bit.ly/3vEdoQI
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Nielsen, R.K., & Graves, L. (2017). News you don’t believe: Audience perspectives on fake news. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. https://bit.ly/3CTvHBJ
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Photiou, I., & Maniou, T. A. (2018). Changing audiences, changing realities: Identifying disinformation via new teaching curricula [Conference]. Crisis reporting: Proceedings of the EJTA Teachers’ Conference, Grecia. https://bit.ly/2ZthopO
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Sunstein, C.R. (2009). Republic.com 2.0. Princeton University Press. https://bit.ly/3ueYkqn
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Link DOI | Link Google Scholar
Wenzel, A. (2019). To verify or to disengage: Coping with «fake news» and ambiguity. International Journal of Communication, 13, 1977-1995. https://bit.ly/3KhCn0i
Technical information
Received: 11-12-2021
Revised: 12-01-2022
Accepted: 02-03-2022
OnlineFirst: 15-05-2022
Publication date: 01-07-2022
Article revision time: 32 days | Average time revision issue 72: 31 days
Article acceptance time: 81 days | Average time of acceptance issue 72: 75 days
Preprint editing time: 157 days | Average editing time preprint issue 72: 151 days
Article editing time: 202 days | Average editing time issue 72: 196 days
Metrics
Metrics of this article
Views: 31229
Abstract readings: 29068
PDF downloads: 2161
Full metrics of Comunicar 72
Views: 337810
Abstract readings: 308965
PDF downloads: 28845
Cited by
Cites in Web of Science
Palau-Sampio, D and Lopez-Garcia, G. Communication and crisis in the public space: Dissolution and uncertainty PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.may.16
Calvo, D; Valera-Ordaz, L; (...); Llorca-Abad, G. Fact-checking in Spain: Perception and trust CATALAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION & CULTURAL STUDIES, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1386/cjcs_00073_1
Carratala, A. Looking for cracks in the media structure of misinformation REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE COMUNICACION Y DESARROLLO, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.15304/ricd.4.17.8787
Blanco, MG; Olveira, MEO and Matos, SL. Migration, digital competence, and educational challenges REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE COMUNICACION Y DESARROLLO, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.15304/ricd.4.17.8756
Mateos-Abarca, JP; Barcelo-Sanchez, JM and Martinez-Vallvey, F. Topics and use of Push notifications of Spanish media apps during the COVID-19 pandemic METHAODOS-REVISTA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.17502/mrcs.v11i2.690
Wang, YJ. Politics of Disinformation: The Influence of Fake News on the Public Sphere MASS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2023.2217081
Garcia, ICA. [en] Infohumor and media literacy: understanding comedy to understand news HISTORIA Y COMUNICACION SOCIAL, 2023.
Cites in Scopus
Palau-Sampio, D., López-García, G.. Communication and crisis in the public space: Dissolution and uncertainty), Profesional de la Informacion, .
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.may.16
Llorca-Abad, G., Calvo, D., Valera-Ordaz, L., Mora, M.R.I.. Fact-checking in Spain: Perception and trust), Catalan Journal of Communication and Cultural Studies, .
https://doi.org/10.1386/cjcs_00073_1
Corbu, N., Buturoiu, R., Oprea, D.-A. . THIRD PERSON PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE ABILITY TO DETECT FAKE NEWS: THE ROLE OF MEDIA DIET AND CONSPIRACY THEORIES), Calitatea Vietii, .
https://doi.org/10.46841/RCV.2022.04.02
Sádaba, C., Salaverría, R., Bringué-Sala, X. . How to teach the elderly to detect disinformation: a training experiment with WhatsApp ), Profesional de la Informacion, .
Cites in Google Scholar
Palau-Sampio, D., & López-García, G. (2022). Communication and crisis in the public space: Dissolution and uncertainty. Profesional de la información, 31(3).
https://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com/index.php/EPI/article/view/87021
Palau-Sampio, D., & López-García, G. (2022). Comunicación y crisis en el espacio público: disolución e incertidumbre. Profesional de la información, 31(3).
http://eprints.rclis.org/43291/
Migración, competencia digital y retos educativos MG Blanco, MEO Olveira, SL Matos - Revista Internacional de …, 2022 - revistas.usc.gal
https://revistas.usc.gal/index.php/ricd/article/view/8756
Malinformación, cuando la información se convierte en propaganda y en un bien de consumo MÁA González - Textual & Visual Media, 2022 - textualvisualmedia.com
https://textualvisualmedia.com/index.php/txtvmedia/article/view/313
Fact-checking in Spain: Perception and trust D Calvo, L Valera-Ordaz… - Catalan Journal of …, 2022 - intellectdiscover.com
https://intellectdiscover.com/content/journals/10.1386/cjcs_00073_1
En busca de grietas en la estructura mediática de la desinformación A Carratalá - Revista Internacional de Comunicación y Desarrollo …, 2022 - revistas.usc.gal
https://revistas.usc.gal/index.php/ricd/article/view/8787/12535
Third Person Perceptions About the Ability to Detect Fake News: The Role of Media Diet and Conspiracy Theories N Corbu, R Buturoiu, DA Oprea - Calitatea Vieții, 2022 - revistacalitateavietii.ro
https://www.revistacalitateavietii.ro/journal/article/view/2022-4-02
MEASURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A WHATSAPP COURSE AGAINST DISINFORMATION FOR THE ELDERLY IN SPAIN C SÁDABA, R SALAVERRÍA, M ZABALA - poynter.org
Alternative metrics
How to cite
Valera-Ordaz, L., Requena-i-Mora, M., Calvo, D., & López-García, G. (2022). Unraveling disinformation: Notions and discourses from the Spanish population. [Desenredando la desinformación: Nociones y discursos de la población española]. Comunicar, 72, 21-32. https://doi.org/10.3916/C72-2022-02